Table of Contents
Wildfires in Hawaii don’t behave like those on the mainland, and neither should your investigative approach. From windswept grasslands on Maui to rugged volcanic slopes on the Big Island, Hawaii’s fire patterns are as varied as its topography. Add in overlapping jurisdiction, remote access, and limited suppression bandwidth on outer islands, and it’s clear: effective investigation here depends on knowing who’s involved, what to expect, and how the system works.
This guide breaks down Hawaii’s wildland firefighting resources with that in mind, providing you with the real-time tools, agency contacts, seasonal context, and tactical insights you need to get the job done, island by island.
For guidance and links, check our wildland firefighting resources.
Live Incident Updates & Maps
When active fire is unfolding, especially in Hawaii's diverse and often remote landscapes, fire investigators, responders, and dispatchers rely on real-time data. Monitor wildfire activity across Hawaii with this live tool:
State Overview
Hawaii's wildfire landscape is shaped by its unique geography, climate, and vegetation. The state's diverse ecosystems, from coastal grasslands to mountainous forests, are increasingly susceptible to wildfires due to invasive grasses, prolonged droughts, and changing land use patterns. Notably, the 2023 wildfires on Maui, exacerbated by Hurricane Dora's winds, highlighted the growing wildfire risks in the state.
The Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW) under the Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) is the primary responder for wildfires on lands managed by DOFAW. DOFAW co-responds with county fire departments and federal agencies.
Wildfire Season Timeline
Unlike many mainland states, Hawaii experiences a year-round wildfire season due to its consistent climate and vegetation types. However, certain periods pose higher risks:
- Dry Season (May–October): Characterized by lower rainfall, higher temperatures, and increased trade winds, leading to drier vegetation and heightened fire risk.
- Wet Season (November–April): While generally wetter, this period can still see wildfires, especially during drought conditions or in areas with significant invasive grass growth.
Investigators should consider local weather patterns, vegetation types, and recent land use changes when assessing fire risks and causes.
Key State Agencies Involved
- Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW): As part of the DLNR, DOFAW is responsible for wildfire prevention, suppression, and investigation on state lands. They also coordinate with other agencies for fire management across the state.
- Hawaii State Fire Council (SFC): The SFC supports and maintains the use of the National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) and promotes a statewide reporting system and database.
- County Fire Departments: Each county (Honolulu, Maui, Hawaii, and Kauai) has its own fire department that is responsible for fire suppression, prevention, and investigation within its jurisdiction.
Local Wildland Firefighting Resources
Hawaii's firefighting resources are a collaborative effort between state, county, and federal agencies.
List of Local/State/Federal Fire Response Agencies
Here’s a look at the local, state, and federal agencies that work together to respond to wildland fires:
- DOFAW Wildfire Response Crews: Operate across all islands on state-managed lands. Equipped with brush trucks and trained for initial and extended attack, DOFAW crews also provide prevention outreach and support interagency operations.
- County Fire Departments: Honolulu, Maui, Hawaii, and Kauai counties each maintain dedicated fire departments. These departments handle most initial attacks within their jurisdictions and frequently manage WUI fire threats. Some counties have wildland-specific strike teams and aviation capabilities.
- Hawaii Wildfire Management Organization (HWMO): A statewide nonprofit that supports wildfire mitigation, preparedness, and community-based response. While not a suppression agency, HWMO collaborates with local responders to improve resilience and response coordination.
- Mutual Aid and Military Fire Support: Interagency response is common in Hawaii. The U.S. Army Garrison Hawaii Wildland Fire Team provides suppression on military lands and may assist with major island-wide fire events. Coordination through incident command structures is standard.
- National Park Service (NPS): Manages wildfire suppression within national park boundaries such as Hawai‘i Volcanoes and Haleakalā National Parks. Also coordinates with DOFAW and county departments when fire crosses jurisdictions.
- U.S. Forest Service: While Hawaii has no national forests, the USFS may provide technical assistance, national fire crew deployments, or air resource coordination when requested.
Contact Numbers and Emergency Links
Training & Volunteering
Hawaii offers various training programs and volunteer opportunities for those interested in wildland fire management.
NWCG-Approved Academies and Centers
Volunteer and Seasonal Training Opportunities
- Community Wildfire Defense Grants: DOFAW offers grants to assist landowners in reducing fire risk and restoring landscapes.
- Local Fire Departments: Often have volunteer firefighter programs and may offer training for interested individuals.
Stay Updated About Hawaii’s Wildland Fire Landscape
Hawaii's wildfire landscape is evolving due to factors like invasive grasses, changing land use, and climate change. Staying informed through agencies like DOFAW and organizations like HWMO is important for fire investigators and the public alike.
Check updates regularly, participate in training, and understand local fire risks for effective wildfire management and prevention.
FAQs
How do I report a wildfire in Hawaii?
Immediately call 911 to report any wildfires.
Can I conduct a controlled burn in Hawaii?
Controlled burns may require permits and are regulated by DOFAW and local fire departments. It's essential to consult with the appropriate agency before conducting any burns.
Who investigates wildfires in Hawaii?
Wildfire investigations are typically conducted by DOFAW, in collaboration with local fire departments and, when necessary, federal agencies.
